Inflatable packers

Block caving is a form of quarrying where materials are dug from deep underground. Caving involves digging through earth to reach rocks and other substances that are above ground. There are many types of block caving , including dry holes, wet holes, sub-surface caving. Underground hard rock caving refers to different underground excavation techniques typically used to excavate metals containing precious metals like gold, silver, lead, iron, copper and zinc, but also uses the same methods for digging up ores of gemstones like rubies or diamonds.  This technique usually begins with a hole being drilled in the ground near an entrance way or by the side of a mountain stream. The hole is then filled with either gravel or dirt with water being pumped into it to soften the soil. The process of underground caving may also include the use of pumps and machinery. This equipment can be as simple as a hammer and chisel or as complex as a bulldozer. Some of these equipments are powered by elec...