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Block caving, also known as cave mining, is one of the most common kinds of underground mining. Underground hard rock exploration refers to a variety of underground mining methods typically used for extracting precious materials like gold, silver, iron, lead, copper, tin, nickel and even rubies, diamonds and other precious stones.  This method is commonly utilized by miners as they need the access to these precious rocks. The excavation techniques used in underground hard rock exploration are designed to ensure safety and minimize damage to the environment. However, underground mining also has the potential of causing harm to the environment.  Many people often choose block caving mining because they are also concerned with the environmental pollution that may come from the extraction process. There are also a number of legal issues that come with underground mining. Underground mining of precious substances like gold has its own set of regulations, which must be followed. It is not a